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POLITICAL 

Hand + Book 

. . CONTAINING . . 

Names of the principal Executive Officers of the United 
States Government. 

Manner of Electing the President and Vice-President. 

Summary of the Popular and Electoral Yote from 
1789 to 1888. 

Number of Votes cast for Presidential Candidates in each 
State of the Union 1888. 

Jy 

Number of Electoral Votes 1892. 

Proceedings of the National Political Conventions 1892, 
and Platforms Adopted by each. 

Also other Items of Information of Interest to all Citizens. 

W. C. DISTURNELL, Compiler 

^ , 

THE HICKS-4UDD CO., Publishers 
____ — ___ — _ Office. 23 FIRST STREET 

* ; sam ruANCieco 

g — 

Copyright 1892 by W. C. Oisturneli 






POLITICAL 

HAND BOOK 

189 2 



United States Government. 

EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT. 

The Twenty-sixth Presidential Term of four years, 
since the establishment of the government of the 
United States, under the Constitution adopted March 
i, 1789, began on the 4th of March, 1889, and will 
expire on the 4th of March, 1893. 

President, Salary. 

Benjamin Harrison, of Indiana $50,000 

Vice-President, 

Ivevi P. Morton, of New York 8,000 

THE CABINET. 
Secretary of State, 

John W. Foster, of Indiana 8,000 

Secretary of the Treasury, 

Charles Foster, of Ohio 8,000 

Secretary of War, 

Stephen B. Elkins, of West Virginia 8,000 



X POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 

Secretary of the Navy, 

Benjamin F. Tracy, of New York $8, coo 

Secretary of the Interior, 

John W. Noble, of Missouri 8,000 

Secretary of Agriculture, 

Jeremiah M. Rusk, of Wisconsin 8,000 

Postmaster-General, 

John Wanamaker, of Pennsylvania 8,000 

Attorney-General, 

William H. H. Miller, of Indiana 8,000 



FIFTY-SECOND CONGRESS. 

Commenced March 4, 1891; Ends March 3, 1893, 

The Congress of the United States consists of a 
Senate and House of Representatives, and must 
assemble at least once every year, on the first Monday 
of December, unless it is otherwise provided by law. 

The Senate is composed of tw T o members from each 
State. They are chosen by the Legislatures of the 
several States, for the term of six years, one-third 
being elected biennially. No person can be a Senator 
who is under thirty years of age, nor unless he has 
been nine yeais a citizen of the United States; and 
when elected, an inhabitant of the State for wmich he 
is chosen. The Vice-President of the United States is 
President of the Senate, but has no vote unless they 
be equally divided. In his absence, a President /?<? 
tempore is chosen from among the Senators by the 
Senate. 

The House of Representatives is composed of mem- 
bers chosen every second year by the people of the 
several States. No person can be a Representative 
W'ho is under twenty-five years of age, nor unless he has 
been seven years a citizen of the United States; and 
when elected an inhabitant of the State for w 7 hich he 
is chosen. Representatives are apportioned among 
the several States according to their respective num.- 



POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 3 

bers, which numbers are ascertained by an actual 
enumeration, or census, of all the inhabitants, made 
within every term of ten years. 

Besides vSenators and Representatives, there is a 
class of Members of Congress called Delegates, who 
sit in the House and represent the organized Territor- 
ies of the United States. These Delegates may pre- 
sent subjects for legislation and address the House, 
but not representing States, they have no vote. 

The salary of Senators and Representatives is 
$5000 per annum; President of the Senate pro tcm., 
$8000 per annum; Speaker of the House of Repre- 
sentatives, $8000 per annum. 

Senate — 88 Members. 

Republicans, 47; Democrats -, 39; Farmers'* Alliance 2. 

Levi P. Morton, of New York, President. 

Following are the names of the vSenators from the 
Pacific Coast States : 

CALIFORNIA. 

Term Expires. 

Charles N. Felton, R 1S93 

Leland Stanford, R T897 

NEVADA. 

William M. Stewart, R 1 893 

John P. Jones, R 1 897 

ORKOOX. 

Joseph N. I )olph, R 1 895 

John H. Mitchell, R [897 

WASHINGTON. 

John B. Allen, R 

Watson C. Squire, R 



4 'POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 

House of Representatives— 332 Members. 

Democrats , 236; Republicans, 88; Farmers'" Alliance \ 8. 

Charles F. Crisp, of Georgia, Speaker. 

Following are the names and residences of the Rep- 
resentatives from the Pacific Coast States : 

CALIFORNIA. 

1 — Thomas J. Geary, D Santa Rosa 

2 — iinthony Caminetti, D Jackson 

3 — Joseph McKenna, R* Suisun 

4— John T. Cutting, R San Francisco 

5 — Kugene F. Loud, R San Francisco 

6 — William W. Bowers, R San Diego 

"^Resigned, successor not yet elected. 

NEVADA. 

1 — Horace F. Bartine, R Carson City 

OREGON. 
1 — Binger Hermann, R Roseburgh 

WASHINGTON. 

1 — John L. Wilson, R Spokane Falls. 

After March 3, 1893, the House of Representatives 
will be composed of 356 members, to be apportioned as 
follows : 

Alabama, 9; Arkansas, 6; California, 7; Colorado, 2 
Connecticut, 4; Delaware, 1; Florida, 2; Georgia, 11 
Idaho, 1; Illinois, 22; Indiana, 13; Iowa, 11; Kansas, 8 
Kentucky, 11; Louisiana, 6; Maine, 4; Maryland, 6 
Massachusetts, 13; Michigan, 12; Minnesota, 7; Mississ- 
ippi, 7; Missouri, 15; Montana, 1; Nebraska, 6; Nevada, 
1; New Hampshire, 2; New Jersey, 8; New York, 34; 
North Carolina, 9; North Dakota, 1; Ohio, 21; Oregon, 2; 
Pennsylvania, 30; Rhode Island, 2; South Carolina, 7; 
South Dakota, 2; Tennessee, 10; Texas, 13; Vermont, 2; 
Virginia, 10; Washington, 2; West Virginia, 4; Wiscon- 
sin, 10; Wyoming, 1. 



POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 



PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED 
STATES. 

FROM THE ADOPTION OF THE CONSTITUTION, 1789. 

Term. Inaugurated. 

i — Geo. Washington, of Virginia April 30, 1789 

2 — Geo. Washington, of Virginia March 4, 1793 

3— John Achms, of Massachusetts March 4, 1797 

4 — Thos. Jefferson, of Virginia March 4, 1801 

5 — Thos. Jefferson, of Virginia March 4, 1805 

6 — James Madison, of Virginia March 4 1809 

7 —James Madison, of Virginia March 4, 1813 

8 — James Monroe, of Virginia March 4, 181 7 

9— James Monroe, of Virginia March 5, 1821 

10 — John Q. Adams, of Massachusetts... March 4, 1825 
1 1 — Andrew Jackson, of Tennessee .... March 4 , 1829 

12 — Andrew Jackson, of Tennessee March 4, 1833 

13 — Martin Van Buren of New York. . .March 4, 1837 

14 — Wm. H. Harrison, of Ohio * March 4, 1841 

John Tyler, of Virginia April 6, 1841 

15 — James K. Polk, of Tennessee March 4, 1845 

16 — Zachary Taylor, of Louisiana* March 5, 1849 

Millard Fillmore, of New York July 9, 1850 

17 — Franklin Pierce, of N. Hampshire .March 4, 1853 
18— James Buchanan, of Pennsylvania. March 4, 1857 
19 — Abraham Lincoln, of Illinois .... March 4, 1861 
20 — Abraham Lincoln, of Illinois :; .... March 4, 1865 
Andrew Johnson, of Tennessee. . April 15. 1865 

21 — Ulysses S. Grant, of Illinois March 4, 1S69 

22 — Ulysses S. Grant, of Illinois March 4, 1S73 

23 — R. B. Hayes, of Ohio March 5, 1877 

24— James A. Garfield, of Ohio * March 4, 1SS1 

Chester A. Arthur, of New York . .Sept. 20, 1SS1 
25— Grover Cleveland, of New York . March 4, 1SS5 
26 — Benjamin Harrison, of Indiana .... March 4, 1889 

"*Died in office. 



D POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 

VICE-PRESIDENTS. 

FROM THE ADOPTION OF THE) CONSTITUTION, 1789. 

Term. Inaugurated. 

i— John Adams, of Massachusetts June 3, 

2 — John Adams, of Massachusetts Dec. 2, 

3 — Thomas Jefferson, of Virginia March 4, 

4 — Aaron Burr, of New York. March 4, 

5 —George Clinton, of New York ." March 4, 

6 — George Clinton, of New York* March 4, 

Wm. H. Crawford of Georgiaf April 10, 

7 — Klbridge Gerry, of Massachusetts* .March 4, 

John Gaillardf Nov. 25, 

8—D. D. Tompkins, of New York March 4, 

9 — D. D. Tompkins, of New York March 5, 

10 — J. C. Calhoun, of South Carolina . . .March 4, 
11— J. C Calhoun, of South Carolina:, 1 :. .March 4, 

Hugh L. White f Dec. 28, 

12 — Martin Van Buren, of New York. . .March 4, 

13 — R. M. Johnson, of Kentucky , .March 4, 

14 — John Tyler, of Virginia March 4, 

S. L. Southard, of New Jerseyt April 6, 

W. P. Mangum, of North Caroliuaf..May 31, 
15 — Geo. M. Dallas, of Pennsylvania. . .March 4, 
16 — Millard Fillmore, of New York . . . March 5, 

Wm. R. King, of Alabamaf July 11, 

17 — Wm. R. King, of Alabama* March 4, 

David R. Atchison, of Missourif. . .April 18, 

Jesse D. Bright, of Indianaf Dec. 5, 

18— John C. Breckinridge, of Kentucky. March 4, 

19— Hannibal Hamlin, of Maine March 4, 

20 — Andrew Johnson, of Tennessee March 4. 

Iv. S. Foster, of Connecticut! April 15, 

Benjamin F. Wade, of Ohio| March 2, 

21— Schuyler Colfax, of Indiana March 4, 

22 — Henry Wilson, of Massachusetts". . March 4, 
Thomas W. Ferry, of Michiganf . ...Nov. 22, 



POLITICAL IIANL COOK. 7 

23 — Wm. A. Wheeler, of New York March 5, 1877 

24— Chester A. Arthur, of New York.. . .March 4, 1881 

David Davis, of Illinoisf Oct. 13, 1881 

George F. Edmunds, of Vermontf. .March 3, 1883 
25— Thos. A. Hendricks, of Indiana*. . .March 4, 1885 
26 — Levi P. Morton, of New York March 4, 1889 

* Died in office. $ Resigned. | Acting Vice-Presi- 
dent and President pro tem. of the Senate. 



ELECTION OF PRESIDENT. 

[The three following sections were proposed as 
amendments at the first session of the Eighth Con- 
gress. They are printed in the Laws of trie United 
States as article 12.] 

Art. 12. — 1. The electors shall meet in their re- 
spective States, and vote by ballot for president and 
vice-president, one of whom, at least, shall not be an 
inhabitant of the same State with themselves. They 
shall name in their ballots the person voted for as 
president, and in distinct ballots, the person voted for 
as vice-president; and they shall make distinct lists 
of all persons voted for as president, and of all persons 
voted for as vice-president, and of the number of 
votes for each, which lists they shall sign and certify, 
and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of 
the United States, directed to the President of the 
Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in the 
presence of the Senate and House of Representa- 
tives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall 
then be counted. The person having the greatest 
number of votes for president, shall be the president, 
if such number be a majority of the whole number of 
electors appointed; and if no person have such major- 
ity, then from the persons having the highest num- 
bers, not exceeding three, on the list of those voted 
for as president, the House of Representatives shall 
choose immediately, by ballot, the president. But, in 



8 POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 

choosing the president, the votes shall be taken by- 
States, the representation from each State having one 
vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a 
member or members from two-thirds of the States, 
and a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a 
choice. And if the House of Representatives shall 
not choose a president whenever the right of choice 
shall devolve upon them, before the fourth day of 
March next following, then the vice-president shall 
act as president, as in the case of the death or other 
constitutional disability of the president. 

2. The person having the greatest number of votes 
as vice-president shall be the vice-president, if such 
number be a majority of the whole number of electors 
appointed; and if no person have a majority, then 
from the two highest numbers on the list, the Senate 
shall choose the vice-president. A quorum for the 
purpose shall consist of two thirds of the whole num- 
ber of senators, and a majority of the whole number 
shall be necessary to a choice. 

3. But no person constitution ally ineligible to the 
office of president, shall be eligible to that of vice- 
president of the United States. 



PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS. 

Summary of Electoral Votes for Candidates 
for Presldent and Vice-President — 1789-1888 : 

1789 — Number of States in which an election was 
held, 10; number of Electors, 73; George Washington 
received 69 votes; John Adams, 34; scattering, 35; 
vacancies, 4. 

Three States did not vote, viz: New York which 
had not passed an electoral law; and North Carolina 
and Rhode Island, which had not adopted the Con- 
stitution. 



POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 9 

1792 — Number of States, 15; number of Electors, 
135; George Washington, 132 votes; John Adams, 
yj\ George Clinton, 50; scattering, 5; vacancies, 3. 

1796 — Number of States, 16; number of Electors, 
138; John Adams, 71 votes; Thomas Jefferson, 68; 
Thomas Pinckney, 59; Aaron Burr, 30; scattering, 48. 

t8oo — Number of States, 16; number of Electors, 
[38; Thomas Jefferson, 73 votes; Aaron Burr, 73; John 
Adams, 65; Charles C. Pinckney, 64; John Jay, I. 

There being a tie vote, the choice devolved upon the 
House of Representatives. On the thirty-sixth ballot 
a choice was made; the States of Vermont, New York, 
New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, North 
Carolina, Georgia, Tennessee and Kentucky voting 
for Jefferson, and New Hampshire, Massachusetts, 
Connecticut and Rhode Island voting for Burr; two 
States, Delaware and South Carolina, cast a blank 
vote. At the first session of the Eighth Congress the 
Constitution was amended, so as to require the Presi- 
dent and Vice-President to be separately voted for. 

1804. — Number of States, 17; number of Electors, 
176. For President, Thomas Jefferson, 162 votes; 
Charles C. Pinckney, 14. For Vice-President, 
George Clinton, 162 votes; Rufus King, 14. 

1808. — Number of States, 17; number of Electors, 
176. For President, James Madison, 122 votes; 
Charles C. Pinckney, 47; George Clinton, 6; vacancy. 
t. For Vice-President, George Clinton, 113 votes; 
Rufus King, 47; scattering. 15; vacancy. 1. 

181 2. — Number of States, 18; number of Electors, 
218. For President, James Madison. 128 votes; De 
Witt Clinton, 89; vacancy, 1. For VICE-PRESIDENT, 
Elbridge Gerry, 131 votes; Jared Ingersoll, 86; 
vacancy, 1. 

1 S 1 6. — Number of States, [9; number o( Electors, 
22 r. For President, James Monroe, 183 votes; Rufus 
King, 34; vacancies, 1 F01 Vice President, Daniel 



10 POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 

D. Tompkins, 183 votes; John B. Howard, 22; scatter- 
ing, 12; vacancies, 4. 

1820. — Number of States 24; number of Electors, 
235. For President, James Monroe, 231 votes; John 
Q. Adams, 1; vacancies, 3. For VICE-PRESIDENT, 
Daniel D. Tompkins, 218 votes; Richard Stockton, 
8; scattering, 6; vacancies, 3. 

1824. — Number of States, 24; number of Electors, 
261. For President, Andrew Jackson, 99 votes; 
John Q. Adams, 84; William H. Crawford, 41; Henry 
Clay, 37. For Vice-President, John C. Calhoun, 
182 votes; Nathan Sanford, 30; Nathaniel Macon, 24; 
Andrew Jackson, 13; scattering, 11; vacancy, 1. 

There being no candidate for president who had 
received the necessary number of votes, the choice 
devolved upon the House of Representatives. On the 
first ballot John Q. Adams was elected by the votes of 
Connecticut, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, 
Maryland, Massachusetts, Missouri, New Hampshire, 
New York, Ohio, Rhode Island and Vermont. 

1828— Number of States, 24; number of Electors, 
261. For President, Andrew Jackson, 178 votes; 
John Q. Adams, 83. For Vice-President, John C. 
Calhoun, 171 votes; Richard Rush, 83; William 
Smith, 7. 

1832 — Number of States, 24; number of Electors, 
288. For President, Andrew Jackson, 219 votes; 
Henry Clay, 49; scattering, 18; vacancies, 2. For 
Vice-President, Martin Van Buren, 189 votes; John 
Sergeant, 49; scattering, 48; vacancies, 2. 

1836 — Number of States, 26; number of Electors, 
294. For President, Martin Van Buren, 170 votes; 
William H. Harrison, 73; scattering, 51. For ViCE- 
PrESident, Richard M. Johnson, 147 votes; Francis 
Granger, 77; scattering, 70. 

No candidate for vice-president having received the 
necessary number of votes, the choice devolved upon 



POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 11 

the Senate, who elected Richard M. Johnson by 33 
votes, Francis Granger receiving 16. 

1840 — Number of States, 26; number of Electors, 
294. For President, William H. Harrison, 234 
votes; Martin Van Buren, 60. For Vice-President, 
John Tyler, 234 votes; Richard M. Johnson, 48; scat- 
tering, 12. 

1844 — Number of States, 26; number of Electors, 
275. For President, James K. Polk, 170 votes; 
Henry Clay, 105. For VICE-PRESIDENT, George M. 
Dallas, 170 votes; Theodore Frelinghuysen, 105. 

1848 — Number of States, 30; number of Electors, 290. 
For President, Zachary Taylor, 163 votes; Lewis 
Cass, 127. For Vice-President, Millard Fillmore, 
163 votes; William O. Butler, 127. 

1852 — Number of States, 31; number of Electors, 
296. For President, Franklin Pierce, 254 votes; 
Winfield Scott, 42. For Vice-President, William 
R. King, 254 votes; William A. Graham, 42. 

1856 — Number of States, 31; number of Electors, 
296. For President, James Buchanan, 174 votes; 
John C. Fremont, 114; Millard Fillmore, 8. For 
Vice-President, John C. Breckinridge, 174 votes; 
William L. Dayton, 114; Andrew J. Donelson, 8. 

i860 — Number of States, 33; number of Electors, 
303. For President, Abraham Lincoln, 180 votes; 
John C. Breckinridge, 72; John Bell, 39; Stephen A. 
Douglas, 12. For Vice-President, Hannibal Ham- 
lin, 180 votes; Joseph Lane, 72; Edward Everett, 39; 
Herschell V. Johnson, 12. 

1864 — Number of States, 36; number of Electors, 
314. For President, Abraham Lincoln, 212 votes; 
George B. McClellan, 21; vacancies, 81. For VICE- 
PRESIDENT, Andrew Johnson, 212 votes; George II. 
Pendleton, 21; vacancies, 81. 

Eleven States did not vote, viz: Alabama, Arkan- 
sas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North 



12 POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 

Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas and 
Virginia. 

1868 — Number of States, 37; number of Electors, 
317. For President, Ulysses S. Grant, 214 votes; 
Horatio Seymour, 80; vacancies, 23. For ViCE-PRESi-^ 
dent, Schuyler Colfax, 214 votes; Frank P. Blair, 
Jr., 80; vacancies, 23. 

Three States did not vote, viz : Mississippi, Texas, 
and Virginia. 

1872 — Number of States, 37; number of Electors, 
366; For President, Ulysses S. Grant, 286 votes; 
Thomas A. Hendricks, 42; B. Gratz Brown, 18; 
scattering, 3; not counted, 17. For Vice-President, 
Henry Wilson, 286 votes; B. Gratz Brown, 47; scat- 
tering, 19; not counted, 14. 

Three electoral votes of Georgia cast for Horace 
Greeley for president, and also the votes of Arkansas, 
6, and Louisiana, 8, cast for Ulysses S. Grant, were 
rejected. 

Horace Greeley, Democratic and Liberal Republican 
candidate for president, died before the electoral vote 
was cast. 

1876— Number of States, 38; number of Electors, 
369. For President, Rutherford B. Hayes, 185 
votes; Samuel J. Tilden, 184. For Vice-President, 
William A. Wheeler, 185 votes; Thomas A. Hend- 
ricks, 184. 

The votes of three States, viz : Florida, Louisiana, 
and South Carolina, which were claimed by both 
parties, were given to Hayes and Wheeler by the 
decision of the Electoral Commission. 

1880 — Number of States, 38; number of Electors, 
369. For President, James A. Garfield, 214 votes; 
Winfield S. Hancock, 155. For Vice-President, 
Chester A. Arthur, 214 votes; William H. English, 
155. 



POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 13 

1884 — Number of States, 38; number of Electors, 
401. For President, Grover Cleveland, 219 votes; 
James G. Blaine, 182. For Vice-President, Thomas 
A. Hendricks, 219 votes; John A. Logan, 182. 

1888 — Number of States, 38; number of Electors, 
401. For President, Benjamin Harrison, 233 votes; 
Grover Cleveland, 168. For Vice-President, Levi 
P. Morton, 233 votes; Allen G. Thurman, 168. 

"Previous to the election of 1804, each elector 
voted for two candidates for president; the one receiv- 
ing the highest number of votes, if a majority, was 
declared elected president; and the next highest, vice- 
president. 

Summary of the Popular Vote for Candidates 

for President and the Number of 

States Carried by Each from 

1860 to 1888, Inclusive. 

i860 — Abraham Lincoln, 1,866,352 votes, 17 States; 
Stephen A. Douglas, 1,375,157 votes, 2 States; John C 
Breckinridge, 845,763 votes, 11 States; John Bell, 
589,58: votes, 3 States. 

1864 — Abraham Lincoln, 2,216,067 votes, 22 States; 
George B. McClellan, 1,808,725 votes, 3 States. 

1868 — Ulysses S. Grant, 3,015,071 votes, 26 States; 
Horatio Seymour, 2,709,613 votes, 8 States. 

1872 — Ulysses S. Grant, 3,597,070 votes, 31 States; 
Horace Greeley, 2,834,079 votes, 6 Slates; Charles 
O'Conor, 29, 408 votes; James Black, 5,608 votes. 

1876 — Rutherford B. Hayes, 4,033,950 votes, 21 
vStates; Samuel J. Tilden, 4,284,757 votes, 17 States; 
Peter Cooper (Greenback), 81,740 voles; Green Clay 
Sniilh (Prohibition), 9,522 votes. 



14 POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 

Four Northern States were carried by the Demo- 
crats, viz.: Connecticut by 2,900 plurality; Indiana, 
5,515; New Jersey, 12,445; New York, 32,742. 

Three Southern States, which were claimed by both 
parties, viz. : Florida, Louisiana and South Carolina, 
were given to Hayes and Wheeler by the decision of 
the Electoral Commission. 

1880 — James A. Garfield, 4,449,053 votes, 19 States; 
Winfield S. Hancock, 4,442,035 votes, 19 States; James 
B. Weaver (Greenback), 307,306 votes; Neal Dow 
(Prohibition), 10,305 votes. 

1884 — Grover Cleveland, 4,874,986 votes, 20 States; 
James G. Blaine, 4,851,981 votes, 18 States; Benjamin 
F. Butler (People's), 175,370 votes; John P. St. 
John (Prohibition), 150,369 votes. 

1888 — Benjamin Harrison, 5,440,708 votes, 20 States; 
Grover Cleveland, 5,536,242 votes, 18 States; Clinton 
B. Fisk (Prohibition), 246,876 votes; A. J. Streeter 
(Union Labor), 146,836 votes. 



VOTE OF THE UNITED STATES. 

PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION 1888. 

States. Harrison. Cleveland. 

Alabama... 57,197 117,320 

Arkansas 58,752 85,962 

California 124,816 117,729 

Colorado 50, 774 37,567 

Connecticut 74,584 74, 920 

Delaware 12,973 16,414 

Florida 26,659 39>5 61 

Georgia 40,446 100,449 

Illinois 37o,475 348,371 

Indiana 263,361 261,013 

Iowa 211,958 179,877 

Kansas 182,904 102,745 

Kentucky. 155,134..- 183,800 



POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 15 

States. Harrison. Cleveland. 

Louisiana 30,701 85,026 

Maine 73,734 50,482 

Maryland 99,986 106,168 

Massachusetts 183,892 151,855 

Michigan 236,387 2 13,469 

Minnesota 142, 492 104,385 

Mississippi 30,096 85,471 

Missouri 236,253 261,954 

Nebraska 108,425 80,552 

Nevada...; 7,238 5326 

New Hampshire 45,728 43,456 

New Jersey 144,360 151,508 

New York 650,338 635,965 

North Carolina 134,784 147,902 

Ohio 416,054.... 396,455 

Oregon 33,291 26,522 

Pennsylvania 523,585 444,327 

Rhode Island 21,969 17, 530 

South Carolina 13,740 65,825 

Tennessee 138,988 158,779 

Texas 88,280 234,883 

Vermont , . 45,192 16,788 

Virginia 150,438 151, 977 

West Virginia 78,171 78,677 

Wisconsin 176,553 155,232 



Total 5,440,708 5,536,242 

Plurality 95,534 

246,876 votes were cast for Clinton B. Fisk the 
Prohibition candidate, and 146,836 for A. J. Streeter, 
the Union Labor candidate. 

Note. — Variations in the Presidential vote are 
found by comparing different publications. This is 
owing to vSome compilers taking the highest vote 
cast for any one elector on each ticket; others, the 
highest cast for any Klector-at- Large; aud others still, 
the average vote cast for all the Electors of each 
party. 



16 



POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 



VOTE OF CALIFORNIA. 



PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION 1888. 



Counties. 

Alameda 

Alpine 

Amador 

Butte 

Calaveras 

Colusa 

Contra Costa . . 

Del Norte 

El Dorado 

Fresno 

Humboldt 

Inyo 

Kern 

Lake 

Lassen 

Los Angeles 

Marin 

Mariposa 

Mendocino .... 

Merced 

Modoc 

Mono 

Monterey 

Napa 

Nevada 

Placer 

Plumas 



Harrison. 
8,840 .... 

53 •••• 
i,373 •••• 

2,191 

1441 

1,116 

1,518 

244 

i,35o 

2,461 

2,772 

437 

910. . . . . . 

73i 



13,805 . 
936 
526. 

1,711 . 
773 
552 
347- 

i,875. 

1,763- 

2,167. 

1,761 
648. 



Cleveland. 

5,693 

27 

1,429 

2,215 

1,305 
2,010 

1,177 

294 
1,456 
2,822 
2,014 

273 

1,229 

S67 

535 

10,110 

802 

664 

2,006 

972 

679 

215 

1,866 

1,496 

1,923 

1,547 

57o 



POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 



17 



Cleveland. 
3,447 
797 
2,388 
3> 189 
28,699 
2,822 

1,585 
980 

1,565 
3,972 
t,75o 
i,394 
689 

1,459 
2,158 
3,394 
i,3i5 

698 
1,290 

490 
2,637 
i,i59 

906 
1,580 
1 , 1 70 

117. 729 

Clinton B. Kisk, the Prohibition candidate, received 
5,761 votes. 

The vote for Governor, 1890, was : Markham. 
Republican, 126,432; Pond, Demoerat, nS,t>oi; Bid- 
well, Prohibition, [0,868. 



Counties. 

Sacramento 

vSan Benito 

vSan Bernardino.. 

San Diego 

San Francisco.. . 

San Joaquin 

San laris Obispo. 

San Mateo 

Santa Barbara. . 

Santa Clara 

Santa Cruz 

Shasta 

Sierra 

Siskiyou 

Solano 

Sonoma 

Stanislaus 

Sutter 

Tehama 

Trinity 

Tulare 

Tuolumne 

Ventura 

Yolo 

Yuba 



Harrison. 

4,769 
664. 

3,059- 
4,661 . 
25,708. 
2,829 . 
1,689. 
1,121 . 
1,684. 

4,457- 
1,996. 
1,490. 
1,004 . 
I,36l. 
2,231. 
3,293 ■ 

903 

722 . 
I,l8l. 

489. 
2,275. 

854. 
1,107. 
1,350. 
1,130. 



Total . 



124,816. 



18 POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 

VOTE OF NEVADA. 

PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION 1888. 

Counties. Harrison. Cleveland. 

Churchill " 86...... 89 

Douglas . 269 144 

Elko 793 695 

Esmeralda 413 265 

Eureka 607 356 

Humboldt 430 467 

Lander 374 270 

Lincoln 150 177 

Lyon 449 263 

Nye 198 137 

Ormsby 570 354 

Storey 1,611 1,241 

Washoe 902 655 

White Pine 386 21.3 



Total ... 7,238 5,326 



VOTE OF OREGON. 

PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION 1888. 

Counties. Harrison. Cleveland. 

Baker 843 747 

Benton 1 , 206 969 

Clackamas 1,527 I ,°°5 

Clatsop , 1,060 647 

Columbia 611 335 

Coos 906 779 

Crook 438 522 

Curry 234 143 

Douglas 1,305 1,117 

Gilliam , 601 440 

Grant 971 933 

Harney = .. 

Jackson 1,181 1,320 



POLITICAL HANI) BOOK. 19 

Counties. Harrison. Cleveland. 

Josephine 535 528 

Klamath 315 405 

Lake 358 371 

Lane 1,593 1,368 

Linn 1,603 1,633 

Malheur 330 303 

Marion 2,235 1,567 

Morrow 598.. 479 

Multnomah . 6,250 3,996 

Polk 785 729 

Sherman 

Tillamook 393 

Umatilla 1,523 

Union 1*303 

Wallowa 455 

Wasco J, 595 ■• 

Washington 1,248 

Yamhill 1,289 



220 


1,551 


1,223 


306 


1,054 


838 


994 



Total 33, 2 9 [ 26,522 



STATES AND TERRITORIES. 

ORIGINAL STATEvS. 

The thirteen original States acceded to the Union in 
order as follows : 

Delaware, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey in 1787; 
Georgia, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maryland, South 
Carolina, New Hampshire, Virginia, and New York, 
in 1788; North Carolina in 1789; Rhode Island in 
1790. 

STATES ADMITTED INTO THE UNION SINCE 1790. 

Vermont, 1791; Kentucky, 1792; Tennessee, 1796; 
Ohio, 1802; Louisiana, 1812; Indiana, 1816; Mississ- 
ippi, 1817; Illinois, 1818; Alabama, 1819; Maine, 1820; 
Missouri, 1821; Arkansas, 1836; Michigan, 1837; 



20 POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 

Florida and Texas, 1845; Iowa, 1846; Wisconsin, 1848 
California, 1850; Minnesota, 1858; Oregon, 1859 
Kansas, 1861; West Virginia, 1863; Nevada, 1864 
Nebraska, 1867; Colorado, 1876; Montana, North 
Dakota, South Dakota, Washington, and Wyoming, 
1889; Idaho, 1890. 

TERRITORIES AND WHEN ORGANIZED. 

New Mexico and Utah, 1850; Arizona, 1863; Alaska, 
1868; Oklahoma, 1889. 

The Indian Territory, which is inhabited by many 
tribes of civilized Indians, has no territorial govern- 
ment. 



NUMBER OF ELECTORAL VOTES 1892. 

The electoral vote of each State is equal to the 
number of its Senators and Representatives in Con- 
gress as follows : 

Alabama, 11; Arkansas, 8; California, 9; Colorado, 
4; Connecticut, 6; Delaware, 3; Florida, 4; Georgia, 
13; Idaho, 3; Illinois, 24; Indiana, 15; Iowa, 13; Kan- 
sas, 10; Kentucky, 13, Louisiana, 8; Maine, 6; Mary- 
land, 8; Massachusetts, 15; Michigan, 14; Minnesota, 
9; Mississippi, 9; Missouri, 17; Montana, 3; Nebraska, 
8; Nevada/ 3; New Hampshire, 4; New Jersey, 10; 
New York, 36; North Carolina, 11; North Dakota, 3; 
Ohio, 23; Oregon, 4; Pennsylvania, 32;*Rhode Island, 
4; South Carolina, 9; South Dakota, "4; Tennessee, 
12; Texas, 15; Vermont, 4; Virginia, 12 ;' Washington, 
4; West Virginia, 6; Wisconsin, 12; Wyoming, 3. 
Total, 444; necessary to a choice, 223. 

The increase in the number of Presidential Electors 
since 1888 is as follows: Alabama, 1; Arkansas, 1; 
California, 1; Colorado, 1; Georgia, 1; Idaho, 3; 
Illinois, 2; Kansas, 1; Massachusetts, 1; Michigan, 1; 
Minnesota, 2; Missouri, 1; Montana, 3; Nebraska, 3; 
New Jersey, 1; North Dakota, 3; Oregon, 1; Pennsyl- 
vania, 2; South Dakota, 4; Texas, 2; Washington, 4; 
Wisconsin, 1; Wyoming, 3. 



POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 21 

NATIONAL CONVENTIONS 1892. 



REPUBLICAN CONVENTION. 

Convened at Minneapolis June 7th and elected J. 
vSloat Fassett of New York, Temporary Chairman . 
On the 8th William McKinley, Jr., of Ohio, was 
chosen Permanent Chairman. On the 9th the plat- 
form presented by the committee was adopted. On 
the 10th Benjamin Harrison of Indiana was nomina- 
ted for President on the first ballot by the following 
vote: Harrison, 535; Blaine, 182; McKinley, 182; 
Reed, 4; Lincoln, 1. The same day Whitelaw Reid of 
New York was nominated for Vice-President. 

NATIVITY AND AGE OP THE NOMINEES. 

Benjamin Harrison was born in Ohio, August 20, 
1833; Whitelaw Reid was born in Ohio, October 27, 

1837. 

PLATFORM. 

The representatives of the Republicans of the 
United States assembled in general convention on 
the shores of the Mississippi River, the everlasting 
bond of an indestructible republic whose most glori- 
ous chapter of history is the record of the Republican 
party, congratulate their comrfrymen on the majestic 
march of the Nation under the banners inscribed with 
the principles of our platform of 1888, vindicated by 
victory at. the polls and by prosperity in our fields, 
workshops, and mines; and make the following 
declaration of principles : 

THE PROTECTIVE TARIFF. 

We reaffirm the American doctrine of protection. 
We call attention to its growth abroad, arid we 
maintain that the prosperous condition of our countrv 
is largely due to the wise revenue legislation of a 



22 POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 

Republican Congress. We believe that all articles 
which cannot be produced in the United States, 
except luxuries, should be admitted free of duty, 
and that on all imports coming into competition with 
the products of American labor there should be levied 
duties equal to the difference between wages abroad 
and at home. 

We assert that the prices of manufactured articles of 
general consumption have been reduced under the 
operations of the tariff act of 1890. We denounce the 
efforts of the Democratic majority of the House of 
Representatives to destroy our tariff laws piecemeal, 
as is manifested by the attacks upon wool, lead, and 
lead ores, the chief products of a number of States, 
and we ask the people for their judgment thereon. 

RECIPROCITY. 

We point to the success of the Republican policy of 
reciprocity, under which our export trade has vastly 
increased and new and enlarged markets have been 
opened for the products of our farms and workshops. 
We remind the people of the bitter opposition of the 
Democratic party to this practical business measure, 
and claim that, executed by a Republican administra- 
tion, our present laws will eventually give us control 
of the trade of the world. 

BIMETALLISM. 

That the American people from tradition and inter- 
est, favor bimetallism, and the Republican party 
demands the use of both gold and silver as standard 
money, with such restrictions and under such provi- 
sions, to be determined by legislation, as will secure 
the maintenance of the parity of values of the two 
metals, so that the purchasing and debt-paying power 
of the dollar, whether of silver, gold, or paper, shall 
be at all times equal. The interests of the producers 
of the country, its farmers and its workingmen, 
demand that every dollar of paper or coin issued by 
the Government shall be as good as any other. We 



POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 23 

commend the wise and patriotic steps already taken 
by our Government to secure an international confer- 
ence to adopt such measures as will insure parity of 
value between gold and silver for use as money 
throughout the world. 

ELECTION REFORM. 

We demand that every citizen of the United States 
shall be allowed to cast one free and unrestricted ballot 
in all public elections, and that such ballot shall be 
counted and returned as cast; that such laws shall be 
enacted and enforced as will secure to every citizen, 
be he rich or poor, native or foreign born, white or 
black, this sovereign right guaranteed by the Constitu- 
tion. The free and honest popular ballot, just and 
equal representation of all the people, as well as their 
just and equal protection under the laws, are the 
foundation of our republican institutions, and the 
party will never relax its efforts until the integrity of 
the ballot and the purity of elections shall be fully 
guaranteed and protected in every State. 

SOUTHERN OUTRAGES. 

We denounce the continued inhuman outrages per- 
petrated upon American citizens for political reasons 
in certain Southern States of the Union. 

FOREIGN RELATIONS. 

We favor the extension of our foreign commerce, 
the restoration of our mercantile marine by home- 
built ships, and the creation of a navy for the protec- 
tion of our national interests and the honor of our 
flag; the maintenance of the most friendly relations 
with all foreign powers and entangling alliances with 
none, and the protection of the rights of our fisher- 
men. We reaffirm our approval of the Monroe doc- 
trine and believe in the achievement of the manifest 
destiny of the republic in its broadest sense. We 
favor the enactment of more stringent laws and resru- 



24 POLITICAL 'HAND BOOK. 

) '_ ~ i 

lations for the restriction] of criminal, pauper, and 
contract immigration. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

We favor efficient legislation by Congress to protect 
life and limb of the employes of transportation com- 
panies engaged in carrying on interstate commerce, 
and recommend legislation by the respective States 
that will protect employes engaged in State commerce, 
in mining, and in manufacturing. 

The Republican party has always been the cham- 
pion of the oppressed, and recognizes the dignity of 
manhood, irrespective of faith, color or nationality. 
It sympathizes with the cause of home rule in Ireland 
and protests against the persecution of the Jews in 
Russia. The ultimate reliance of a free popular gov- 
ernment is the intelligence of the people and the 
maintenance of freedom among men. We therefore 
declare anew our devotion to liberty of thought and 
conscience, of speech and of press, and approve all 
agencies and instrumentalities which contribute to 
the education of the children of the land; but while 
insisting upon the fullest measure of religious liberty, 
we are opposed to any union of church and State. 

We reaffirm our opposition, declared in the Repub- 
lican platform of 1888, to all combinations of capital 
organized in trusts or otherwise to control arbitrarily 
the conditions of trade among our citizens. We 
heartily indorse the action already taken upon this 
subject and ask for such further legislation as may be 
required to remedy any defects in the existing laws, 
and to render their enforcement more complete and 
effective. We approve the policy of extending to 
towns, villages, and rural communities the advantages 
of the free mail delivery service now enjoyed by the 
larger cities of the country, and reaffirm the declar- 
ation contained in the Republican platform of 1888, 
pledging the reduction of letter postage to one cent at 
the earliest possible moment, consistent with the 



POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 25 

maintenance of the Postoffice Department and the 
highest good of the postal service. 

CIVIL SERVICE REFORM. 

We commend the spirit and evidence of reform in 
the civil service and the wise and consistent enforce- 
ment by the Republican party oi the laws regulating 
the same. 

NICARAGUA CANAL. 

The construction of the Nicaragua Canal is of the 
highest importance to the American people, both as a 
measure of national defense and to build up and main- 
tain American commerce, and should be controlled by 
the United States Government. 

THE TERRITORIES. 

We favor the admission of the remaining Territo- 
ries at the earliest practicable date, having due regard 
to the interests of the people of the Territories and of 
the United States. All Federal officers appointed for 
the Territories should be selected from bona fide resi- 
dents thereof and the right of self-government should 
be accorded, as far as practicable. 

ARID LANDS. 

We favor the cession of the arid public lands to the 
States and Territories in which they lie, under such 
Congressional restrictions as to disposition, reclama- 
tion, and occupancy by settlers as will secure the 
maximum of benefits to the people. 

the world's eair. 

The Columbian Exposition is a great national under- 
taking, and Congress should promptly enact such 
reasonable legislation in aid thereof as will insure the 
discharging of expense and obligations incident 
thereto and the attainment of results commensurate 
with the dignity and progress of the Nation. 



26 POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 

INTEMPERANCE. 



We sympathize with all wise and legitimate efforts 
to lessen and prevent the evils of intemperance and 
promote morality. 

PENSIONS. 

Ever mindful of the services and sacrifices of the 
men who saved the life of the Nation, we pledge anew 
to the veteran soldiers of the republic watchful care 
and recognition of their just claims upon a grateful 
people. 

PRESIDENT HARRISON'S ADMINISTRATION. 

We commend the able, patriotic, and thoroughly 
American administration of President Harrison. 
Under it the country has enjoyed remarkable prosper- 
ity and the dignity and honor of the Nation at home 
and abroad have been faithfully maintained and we 
offer the record of pledges kept as a guarantee of 
their faithful performance in the future. 



DEMOCRATIC CONVENTION. 

Convened at Chicago, June 21st, and elected W. C. 
Owens, of Kentucky, Temporary Chairman. On* the 
22d, William L. Wilson, of West Virginia, was chosen 
Permanent Chairman and the platform adopted. On 
the 23d Grover Cleveland, of New York, was nomi- 
nated for President on the first ballot by the following 
vote : Cleveland, 624; Hill, 114; Boies 92; and 72 
scattering. 

The same day Adlai K. Stevenson, of Illinois, was 
nominated for Vice-President. 

NATIVITY AND AGE OF THE NOMINEES. 

Grover Cleveland was born in New Jersey, March 
18, 1837. 

Adlai K. Stevenson was born in Kentucky, October 
23. 1835. 



POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 27 

PLATFORM. 

The representatives of the Democratic party of the 
United States, in national convention assembled, do 
reaffirm their allegiance to the principles of the party as 
formulated by Jefferson and exemplified by a long and 
illustrious line of successors in Democratic leadership 
from Madison to Cleveland. We believe that the public 
welfare demands that these principles be applied to 
the conduct of the Federal Government through the 
accession to power of the party that advocates them; 
and we solemnly declare that the need of a return to 
these fundamental principles of free popular Govern- 
ment, based on home rule and individual liberty, was 
never more urgent than now, when the tendency to 
centralize all power at the Federal Capital has become 
a menace to the reserved rights of the Slates that 
strikes at the roots of our Government under the con- 
stitution as framed by the fathers of the republic. 

FORCE BILTv. 

We warn the people of our common country, 
jealous for the preservation of their free institutions, 
that the policy of Federal control of elections to 
which the Republican part}^ has committed itself, is 
fraught with the gravest dangers, scarcely less 
momentous than would result from a revolution, prac- 
tically establishing monarchy on the ruins of the 
republic. It strikes at the North as well as the South 
and injures the colored citizen more than the white. 
It means hordes of Deputy Marshals at every polling 
place armed w^ith federal power, returning boards 
appointed and controlled by federal authority, the 
outrage of electoral rights of the people in the States, 
the subjugation of the colored people to the control of 
the party in power and the reviving of race antagonisms 
now happily abated, of the utmost peril to the safety 
and happiness of all. The measure has been deliberately 
and justly described by a leading Republican Senator 
as the most infamous bill that ever crossed the thres- 



28 POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 

hold of the Senate. Such a policy, if sanctioned by 
law, would mean the dominance of a self-perpetuating 
oligarchy of office-holders, and the party first intrusted 
with its machinery could be dislodged from power 
only by an appeal to the reserved right of the people 
to resist oppression which is inherent in all self- 
governing communities. 

Two years ago this revolutionary policy was 
emphatically condemned by the people at the polls; 
but, in contempt of that verdict the Republican 
party has defiantly declared in its latest authorita- 
tive utterances that its success in the coming election 
will mean the enactment of a Force bill and the usur- 
pation of despotic control over elections in all the 
States. Believing that the preservation of republican 
government is dependent upon the defeat of a policy 
of legalized force and fraud, we invite the support of 
all citizens who desire to see the Constitution main- 
tained in its integrity with laws pursuant thereto 
which have given our country a hundred years of 
unexampled prosperity; and we pledge the Democratic 
party not only to defeat the Force bill, but also to 
relentless opposition to the Republican policy of prof- 
ligate expenditure, which, in the short space of two 
years, has squandered an enormous surplus and 
emptied an overflowing treasury, after piling new 
burdens of taxation upon the already overtaxed labor 
of the country. 

TARIFF PLANK. 

We denounce Republican protection as a fraud. It 
means the labor of the great majority of the Ameri- 
can people for the benefit of a few. We declare it to 
be the fundamental principle of the Democratic party 
that the Federal Government has no constitutional 
power to impose and collect tariff duties except for 
purposes of revenue only, and we demand that the 
■collection of such taxes shall be limited to the neces- 
sities of the Government, when honestly and econoni- 
icalty administered. 



POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 29 

We denounce the McKinley tariff law enacted as 
the culminating atrocity of class legislation. We 
indorse the efforts of the Democrats in Congress to 
modify its most oppressive features in the direction of 
free raw materials and cheaper manufactured goods 
that enter into consumption, and we promise its 
repeal as one of the beneficent results that will follow 
the action of the people in entrusting power to the 
Democratic party. Since the McKinley tariff went 
into operation there have been ten reductions in the 
wages of laboring men to one increase. The pros- 
perity of the country has been injured since the tariff 
went into operation and we point to the dullness and 
distress, the wage reductions and the strikes in the 
iron trade as the best evidence that no increase of 
prosperity has resulted from the McKinley Act. 

We call the attention of thoughtful Americans to 
the fact that in thirty years of restrictive taxes against 
the importation of foreign wealth in exchange for our 
agricultural surplus, the homes and farms of the 
country have become burdened witft real estate mort- 
gages to the amount of over $2,500,000,000, exclusive 
of all other forms of indebtedness; that in one of the 
chief agricultural States of the West there appear real 
estate mortgages averaging $165 per capita of the total 
population, and that similar conditions are shown to 
exist in other agricultural and exporting States. 

We denounce a policy which fosters no industry so 
much as it does that of the Sheriff. Trade interchange 
on the basis of reciprocal advantages to the countries 
participating in it is the time-honored doctrine of the 
Democratic faith, but we denounce the sham reciproc- 
ity which juggles with the people's desire for enlarged 
foreign markets and freer exchanges by pretending to 
establish closer trade relations for a country whose 
articles of export are almost exclusively agricultural 
products with other countries that are also agricul- 
tural, while erecting a custom house barrier of prohib- 
itive tariff taxes against the richest countries of the 
world, that stand ready to take our entire surplus of 



30 . POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 

products and exchange therefor commodities which 
are the necessaries and comforts of life among our 
people. 

We recognize in trusts and combinations, which are 
designed to enable capital to secure more than a just 
share of the joint product of capital and labor, the 
natural consequence of prohibitive taxes, which pre- 
vent that free competition, which is the life of honest 
trade; but we believe their worst evils can be abated 
by law, and we demand a rigid enforcement of the 
laws made to prevent and control them, together with 
such further legislation in restraint of their abuses as 
experience may show to be necessary. 

PUBLIC LANDS. 

The Republican party, while professing a policy of 
reserving public land for small holdings by actual 
settlers, has given away the people's inheritance, until 
now a few railroads and non-resident aliens, individual 
and corporate, possess a larger area than that of all 
the farms between the two seas. The last Democratic 
Administration reversed this improvident and unwise 
policy of the Republican party touching the public 
domain and reclaimed from corporations and syndi- 
cates, alien and domestic, and restored to the people 
nearly 100,000,000 acres of valuable land, to be 
sacredly held as homesteads for our citizens, and 
we pledge ourselves to continue this policy until every 
acre of land so unlawfully held shall be reclaimed 
and restored to the people. 

SILVER plank. 

We denounce the Republican legislation known as 
the Sherman Act of 1890 as a cowardly makeshift, 
fraught with possibilities of danger in the future, 
which should make all its supporters, as well as its 
author, anxious for its speed}' repeal. We hold to the 
use of both gold and silver as the standard money of 
the country, and to the coinage of both gold and sil- 



POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 31 

ver, without discriminating against either metal or any 
charge for mintage, but the dollar of the unit coinage 
of both metals must be of equal intrinsic and ex- 
changeable v value, either adjusted through inter- 
national agreement or by such safeguards of legisla- 
tion as shall insure the maintenance of parity between 
the two metals and the equal power of every d?ollar, 
at all times, in the markets of the world and in the pay- 
ment of debts; and we demand that the paper currency 
be kept at par with and redeemable in such coin. We 
insist upon this policy as especially necessary for the 
protection of the farmers and laboring classes, the first 
and most defenseless victims of unstable money 
and a fluctuating currency. We recommend that the 
prohibitory ten per cent tax on State bank issues be 
repealed. 

CIVII, SERVICE REFORM. 

' ' Public office is a public trust." We reaffirm the 
declaration of the Democratic National Convention of 
1876 for reform of the civil service, and call for the 
honest enforcement of all laws regulating the same. 
The nomination of a President, as in the recent 
Republican Convention, by delegations composed 
largely of his appointees holding office at his pleas- 
ure, is a scandalous satire upon free popular institu- 
tions, and a startling illustration of the methods by 
which a President may gratify his ambition. W T e 
denounce the policy under which Federal officehold- 
ers usurp control of party conventions in States, 
and pledge the Democratic party to reform these and 
all other abuses which threaten individual liberty and 
local self-government. 

FOREIGN POLICY. 

The Democratic party is the only party that has 
ever given the country a foreign policy consistent and 
vigorous, compelling respect abroad and inspiring 
confidence at home. While avoiding entangling 
alliances, it has aimed to cultivate friendly relations 



32 POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 

with other nations and especially with our neighbors 
on the American continent, whose destiny is closely 
linked with our own, and we view with alarm the 
tendency to a policy of irritation and bluster which is 
liable at any time to confront us w T ith the' alternative 
of humiliation or war. We favor the maintenance of 
a navy strong enough for all purposes of national 
defense and to properly maintain the honor and dignity 
of the country abroad. 

RUSSIA REBUKED. 

This country has always been a refuge of the 
oppressed from every land — exiles for conscience' 
sake — and in the spirit of the founders of our Govern- 
ment we condemn the oppression practiced by the 
Russian Government upon its Russian and Jewish 
subjects, aud call upon the National Government in 
the interest of justice and humanity, by all just and 
proper means, to use its prompt and best efforts to 
bring about a cessation of this cruel persecution in 
the dominions of the Czar, and to secure to the 
oppressed equal rights, 

SYMPATHY WITH IRELAND. 

We tender our profound and earnest sympathy to 
those lovers of freedom who are struggling for home 
rule and the great cause of local self-government in 
Ireland. 

AGAINST THE CHINESE. 

We heartily approve all legitimate efforts to prevent 
the United States from being used as a dumping-ground 
for the known criminals and professional paupers of 
Europe, and demand the rigid enforcement of laws 
against Chinese immigration and the importation of 
foreign workmen under contract to degrade American 
labor and lessen its wages; but we condemn and 
denounce any and all attempts to restrict the immigra- 
tion of the industrious and worthy of foreign lands. 



POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 33 

CORRUPTION IN PENSIONS. 

This convention hereby renews its expression of 
appreciation of the patriotism of the soldiers and 
sailors of the Union in the war for its preservation, and 
favors just and liberal pensions for all disabled Union 
soldiers, their widows and all dependents; but we 
demand that the work of the Pension Office shall be 
done industriously, impartially,, and honestly. We 
denounce the present administration of that office as 
incompetent, corrupt, disgraceful, and dishonest. 

GREAT WATERWAYS. 

The Federal Government should care for and im- 
prove the Mississippi River and other great water- 
ways of the republic, so as to secure for the interior 
States easy and cheap transportation to tide water. 
When any waterway of the republic is of sufficient 
importance to demand the aid of the Government, that 
such aid be extended on a definite plan of continuous 
work until permanent improvement is secured. 

NICARAGUA CANAL. 

In support of the national defense and for the pro- 
motion of commerce between the States, we recognize 
that the early construction of the Nicaragua Canal 
and its protection against foreign control is of great 
importance to the United States. 

the world's Eair. 

Recognizing the World's Columbian Exposition as 
a national undertaking of vast importance, in which 
the general Government has invited the co-operation 
of all the powers of the world, and appreciating the 
acceptance by many of such powers of the invitation 
so extended, and the broad and liberal efforts being 
made by them to contribute to the grandeur of the 
undertaking, we are of the opinion that Congress 
should make such necessary financial provisions as 



34 POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 

shall be requisite to the maintenance of the national 
honor and public faith. 

COMMON SCHOOLS. 

Popular education being the only safe basis of pop- 
ular suffrage we recommend to the several States a 
most liberal support for public schools. Free com- 
mon schools are the nursery of good government, and 
have always received the fostering care of the Demo- 
cratic party, which favors every means of increasing 
intelligence. Freedom of education being essential 
to civil and religious liberty, as well as a necessity for 
the development of intelligence, must not be inter- 
fered with under any pretext whatever. We oppose 
State interference with parental rights and the rights 
of conscience in the education of children as an 
infringement of the fundamental Democratic doctrine 
that the largest individual liberty consistent with the 
rights of others insures the highest type of American 
citizenship and the best government. 

ADMISSION OF TERRITORIES. 

We approve the action of the present House of 
Representatives in passing bills for the admission into 
the Union, as States, of the Territories of New Mexico 
and Arizona, and favor the earl} 7 admission of all Ter- 
ritories having the necessary population and resources 
to entitle them to Statehood; and, while they remain 
Territories, we hold that the officials appointed to 
administer the government of any Territory, together 
with the District of Columbia and Alaska, should be 
bona fide residents of the Territory or District in 
which their duties are to be performed. The Demo- 
cratic party believes in home rule and the control of 
their own affairs by the people of each vicinage. 

PROTECTION FROM ACCIDENT. 

We favor legislation, by Congress and State legisla- 
tures, to protect the lives and limbs of railway 



POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 35 

employees and those of other hazardous transportation 
companies, and denounce the inactivity of the Repub- 
lican party, and particularly of the Republican Senate, 
for causing the defeat of measures beneficial and pro- 
tective to this class of wage-workers. 

THE SWEATING SYSTEM. 

We favor the enactment by the States of laws for 
abolishing the notorious sweating system, for abolish- 
ing contract convict labor and prohibiting the employ- 
ment in factories of children under fifteen years of 
age. 

NO SUMPTUARY LAWS. 

We are opposed to all sumptuary laws as an inter- 
ference with individual rights of citizens. 

Upon this statement of principles and policies the 
Democratic party asks the intelligent judgment of the 
American people. It asks a change of administration 
and a change of party, in order that there may be a 
change of system and a change of methods, thus 
assuring the maintenance, unimpaired, of the institu- 
tions under which the republic- has grown great and 
powerful. 



PROHIBITION . CONVENTION. 

Convened at Cincinnati, June 29th, and elected 
John P. St. John, of Kansas, Temporary Chairman, 
and Eli F. Ritter, of Indiana, Permanent Chairman. 
On the 30th, after the adoption of the platform, John 
Bidwell, of California, was nominated for President 
on the first ballot by the following vote : Bidwell, 
590; Stewart, 179; Demorest, 139. The same day J. 
B. Cranfill, of Texas, was nominated for Vice-Presi- 
dent. 

NATIVITY AND AGE OF THE NOMINEES. 

John Bidwell was born in Chautauqua County, New 
York, in 1819. 



36 POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 

PLATFORM. 

The Prohibition party, in national convention 
assembled, acknowledging Almighty God as the 
source of all true government, and his law as the 
standard to which all human enactments must con- 
form to secure the blessings of peace and prosperity, 
presents the following declaration of principles : 

First. — The liquor traffic is a foe to civilization, 
the arch enemy of popular government and a public 
nuisance. It is the citadel of the forces that corrupt 
politics, promote poverty and crime, degrade the 
Nation's home life, thwart the will of the people, and 
deliver the country into the hands of rapacious class 
interests. All laws that, under the guise of regula- 
tion, legalize and protect this traffic, or make the 
Government share in its ill-gotten gains, are vicious 
in principle and powerless as a remedy. We declare 
anew for the entire suppression of the manufacture, 
sale, importation, exportation, and transportation of 
alcoholic liquors as a beverage by Federal and State 
legislation, and that the full powers of the Govern- 
ment should be exerted to secure this result. Any 
party that fails to recognize the dominant nature of 
this issue in American politics is undeserving the sup- 
port of the people. 

Second. — No citizen should be denied the right to 
vote on account of sex, and equal labor should receive 
equal wages without regard to sex. 

Third. — The money of the country should be 
issued by the general Government only in sufficient 
quantities to meet the demands of business and give 
full opportunity for the employment of labor. To 
this end an increase in the volume of money is 
demanded, and no individual or corporation should be 
allowed to make any profit through its issue. It 
should be made legal tender for payment of all debts, 
public and private. Its volume should be fixed at a 
definite sum per capita, and made to increase with our 
increase in population. 



POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 37 

Fourth. — Tariff should be levied only as a defense 
against foreign governments which levy a tariff upon 
or bar out our products from their markets, revenue 
being incidental. The residue of means necessary to 
an economical administration of the Government 
should be raised by levying a burden on what the 
people possess, instead of upon what they consume. 

Fifth. — Railroad, telegraph, and other public cor- 
porations should be controlled by the Government in 
the interest of the people, and no higher charges 
should be allowed than are necessary to give a fair 
interest on the capital actually invested. 

Sixth. — Foreign immigration has become a burden 
upon industry and is one of the factors in depressing- 
wages and causing discontent, therefore our immigra- 
tion laws should be revised and strictly enforced. The 
time of residence for naturalization should be ex- 
tended, and no naturalized person should be allowed 
to vote until one year after he becomes a citizen. 

Seventh. — Non-residents should not be allowed to 
acquire land in this country, and we favor the limita- 
tion of the individual and corporate ownership of 
land. All unearned grants of lands to railroad com- 
panies or other corporations should be reclaimed. 

Eighth. — Years of inaction and treachery on the 
part of the Republican and Democratic parties have 
resulted in the present reign of mob law, and we 
demand that every citizen be protected in his right of 
trial by constitutional tribunals. 

Ninth. — All men should be protected by law in 
their right to one day's rest in seven. 

Tenth. — Arbitration is the wisest and most economi- 
cal and humane method of settling national differences. 

Eleventh. — Speculation in margins covering grain, 
money and products and the formation of pools, 
trusts and combinations for the arbitrary advance- 
ment of prices should be suppressed. 



38 POLITICAL HAFD BOOK. 

Twelfth. — We pledge that the Prohibition party, 
if elected to power, will ever grant just pensions to 
disabled veterans ot the Union army and navy, their 
widows and orphans. 

Thirteenth. — We stand unequivocally for the 
American public school, and are opposed to any 
appropriation of public moneys for sectarian schools. 
We declare that only by united support of such com- 
mon schools, taught in the English language, can we 
hope to become and remain a homogeneous and har- 
monious people. 

Fourteenth. — We arraign the Republican and 
Democratic parties as false to the standards reared by 
their founders, as faithless to the principles of the 
illustrious leaders of the past to whom they do hom- 
age with their lips; as recreant to the "higher law," 
which is as inflexible in political affairs as in personal 
life, and as no longer embodying the aspirations of 
the American people or inviting the confidence of 
enlightened, progressive patriotism. Their protest 
against the admission of "moral issues" into politics 
is a confession of their own moral degeneracy. The 
declaration of an eminent authority that municipal 
misrule is the "one conspicuous failure of American 
politics" follows as a natural consequence of such 
degeneracy, and is true alike of cities under Republican 
and Democratic control. Bach accuses the other of 
extravagance in Congressional appropriations, and 
both alike are guilty; each protests when out of 
power against the infraction of civil service laws, and 
each when in power violates those laws in letter and 
spirit; each professes fealty to the interests of the toil- 
ing masses, but both covertly truckle to the money 
power in their administration of public affairs. Bven 
the tariff issue, as represented in the Democratic Mills 
bill and the Republican McKinley bill, is no longer 
treated by them as an issue upon great and divergent 
principles of government, but is a mere catering to 
different sectional and class interests. The attempt of 



POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 39 

many States to wrest the Australian ballot system 
from its true purpose and to so deform it as to render 
it extremely difficult for new parties to exercise the 
rights of suffrage is an outrage upon popular govern- 
ment. The competition of both parties for the vote of 
the slums and their assiduous courting of the liquor 
power and subserviency to the money power have 
resulted in placing those powers in the position of 
practical arbiters of the destinies of the Nation. We 
renew our protest against these perilous tendencies, 
and invite all citizens to join us in upbuilding a party 
that has shown in five national campaigns that it pre- 
fers temporary defeat to the abandonment of the 
claims of justice, sobriety, personal rights, and the 
protection of American homes. 

Recognizing and declaring that the prohibition of 
the liquor traffic has become a dominant issue in 
national politics, we invite to full party fellowship all 
those who on this one dominant issue are with us 
agreed, in the full belief that this party can and will 
remove sectional differences, promote national unity, 
and insure the best welfare of our entire land. 



PEOPLE'S PARTY CONVENTION. 

Convened at Omaha, July 2d, and elected C. H. 
Ellington, of Georgia, Temporary Chairman. On the 
4th, H. 1/ Loucks, of South Dakota, was chosen 
Permanent Chairman, and after the adoption of the 
platform, James B. Weaver, of Iowa, was nominated for 
President on the first ballot by the following vote : 
Weaver, 995; Kyle, 265; and 3 scattering. The same 
day James G. Field, of Virginia, was nominated for 
Vice-President. , 

NATIVITY AND AGE OF THE NOMINEES. 

James B. Weaver, born in Ohio, June 12, 1833, 
James G. Field, born in Virginia, February 24, 1826. 



40 POLITICAL HANI) BOOK. 

PLATFORM. 

We demand a national currency, safe, sound and 
flexible issued by the general Government, of full 
legal tender for all debts, public and private, and that 
without the use of banking corporations, a just, equit- 
able and efficient means of distribution to the people, 
at a tax not to exceed two per cent per annum, to be 
provided as set forth in the sub-treasury plan of the 
Farmers' Alliance, or by a better system; and also by 
payments in the discharge of its obligations for public 
improvements. 

(a.) We demand the free and unlimited coinage of 
silver and gold at the present legal ratio of 1 6 to i. 

(b.) We demand that the amount of the circulating 
medium be speedily increased to not less than $50 
per capita. 

(V.) We demand a graduated income tax. 

(d.) We believe that the money of the country 
should be kept as much as possible in the hands of 
the people, and hence we demand that all State and 
national revenues shall be limited to the necessary 
expenses of the Government, economically and 
honestly administered. 

(e.) We demand that postal savings banks be 
established by the Government for the safe deposit of 
the earnings of the people and to facilitate exchange. 

Transportation being a means of exchange and a 
public necessity, the Government should own and 
operate the railroads in the interest of the people. 

The telegraph and telephone systems, like the post- 
office system, being a necessity for the transmission of 
news, should be owned and operated by the Govern- 
ment in the interest of the people. 

Land. — Land, including all natural sources of 
wealth, is the heritage of the people and should not 
be monopolized for speculative purposes, and the alien 
ownership of land should be prohibited. All lands 
now held by railroads and other corporations in excess 
of their actual needs, and all lands now owned by 
aliens, should be reclaimed by the Government and 
held for actual settlers only. 



POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 41 

During the evening supplemental resolutions were 
adopted as follows : 

We demand a free ballot and a fair count in all 
elections, and pledge ourselves to secure it to every 
legal voter without federal intervention through the 
adoption by States of the unperverted Australian or 
secret-ballot system. 

The revenue derived from a graduated income tax 
should be applied to the reduction of the burden of 
taxation now levied upon the domestic industries of 
the country. 

We pledge our support to the fair and liberal pen- 
sioning of ex-Union soldiers and sailors. 

We condemn the fallacy of protecting American 
labor under the present system, which opeus our 
ports to the pauper and criminal classes of the 
world and crowds out our wage-earners; and we 
denounce the present ineffective laws against contract 
labor, and demand further restriction of undesirable 
immigration. 

We cordially sympathize with the efforts of 
organized workingmen to shorten the hours of labor, 
and demand the rigid enforcement of the existing 
eight-hour law on Government work and ask that a 
penalty clause be added to said law. 

We regard the maintenance of the large standing 
army of mercenaries, known as the Pinkerton sys- 
tem, as a menace to our liberties, and demand its 
abolition; and we condemn the recent invasion of the 
territory of the State of Wyoming, by the hired assist- 
ants of plutocracy, assisted by Federal officers. 

We commend to the thoughtful consideration of 
the people and of the reform press the legislative 
system known as the initiative and referendum. 

We favor a constitutional provision limiting the 
office of President and Vice-President to one term, 
and providing for the election of Senators of the 
United States by a direct vote of the people. 

We oppose any subsidy or national aid to any pri- 
vate corporation for any purpose. 



42 POLITICAL HA> T D BOOK. 

SINGLE TAX LEAGUE. 

At a meeting of the Single Tax National League of 
the United States, held in New York, September 3, 
1890, the following platform was adopted: 

We assert as our fundamental principle the self-evi- 
dent truth enunciated in the Declaration of American 
Independence, that all men are created equal, and are 
endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable 
rights. 

We hold that all men are equally entitled to the use 
and enjoyment of what God has created and of what 
is gained by the general growth and improvement of 
the community of which they are a part. Therefore, 
no one should be permitted to hold natural opportu- 
nities without a fair return to all for any special privi- 
lege thus accorded to him, and that that value which 
the growth and improvement of the community 
attaches to land should be taken for the use of the 
community; that each is entitled to all that his labor 
produces; therefore, no tax should be levied on the 
products of labor. 

To carry out these principles we are in favor of rais- 
ing all public revenues for national, State, county, and 
municipal purposes by a single tax upon land values, 
irrespective of improvements, and all the obligations 
of all forms of direct and indirect taxation. 

Since in all our States we now levy some tax on the 
value of land, the single tax can be instituted by the 
simple and easy way of abolishing, one after another, 
all other taxes now levied, and commensurately in- 
creasing the tax on land values until we draw upon 
that one source for all expenses of government, the 
revenue being divided between local governments, 
State government, and the general government, as 
the revenue from direct tax is now divided between 
the local and State governments, or by a direct 
assessment being made by the general government 
upon the States and paid by them from revenues col- 
lected in this manner. The single tax would: 



POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 43 

First — Take the weight of taxation off the agricul- 
tural districts when land has little or no value irre- 
spective of improvements, and put it on towns and 
cities where bare land rises to a value of millions of 
dollars per acre. 

Skcond — Dispense with a multiplicity of taxes and 
a horde of tax-gatherers, simplify government and 
greatly reduce its cost. 

Third — Do away with the fraud, corruption, and 
gross inequality inseparable from our present methods 
of taxation, which allow the rich to escape, while they 
grind the poor. 

Fourth — Give us with all the world as perfect free- 
dom of trade as now exists between the States of our 
Union, thus enabling our people to share through 
free exchanges in all the advantages which nature 
has given to other countries, or which the peculiar 
skill of other peoples has enabled them to attain. It 
would destroy the trusts, monopolies, and corruptions 
which are the outgrowths of the tariff. 

FIFTH — It would, on the other hand, by taking for 
public use that value which attaches to land by reason 
of the growth and improvement of the community, 
make the holding of land unprofitable to the mere 
owner, and profitable only to the user. It would thus 
make it impossible for speculators and monopolists to 
hold natural opportunities unused or only half used, 
and would throw open to labor the illimitable field 
of employment which the earth offers to man. It 
would thus solve the labor problem, do away with 
involuntary poverty, raise wages in all occupations to 
the full earnings of labor, make over-production im- 
possible until all human wants are satisfied, render 
labor-saving inventions a blessing to all, and cause 
such an enormous production and such an equitable 
distribution of wealth as would give to all comfort, 
leisure, and participation in the advantages of an 
advancing civilization. 

With respect to monopolies other than monopoly of 
land, we hold that when free competition becomes 



44 POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 

impossible, as in telegraphs, railroads, water and gas 
supplies, etc., such business becomes a proper social 
function which should be controlled and managed by 
and for the whole people concerned through their 
proper government, local, State, or national, as 
may be. 

NATURALIZATION LAWS OF THE 
UNITED STATES. 

DECLARATION OP INTENTION. 

An alien seeking naturalization as a citizen of the 
United States must declare on oath before a Circuit or 
District Court of the United States, or a District or 
Supreme Court of the Territories, or a court of record 
of any of the States having common law jurisdic- 
tion and a seal and clerk, at least two years before 
his admission that it is, bona fide, his intention to 
become a citizen of the United States, and to renounce 
forever all allegiance and fidelity to any foreign 
State or ruler, and particularly to the one of which he 
may be at the time a citizen or subject. 

OATH ON APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION. 

At the time of his application for admission he 
must also declare on oath, before some one of the 
courts above specified, " that he will support the Con- 
stitution of the United States, and that he absolutely 
and entirely renounces and abjures all allegiance 
and fidelity to every foreign prince, potentate, State, 
or sovereignty, and particularly, by name, to the 
prince, potentate, State or sovereignty of which he 
was before a citizen or subject." 

CONDITIONS OP CITIZENSHIP. 

It must appear to the satisfaction of the court to 
which the alien has applied for final admission that 
he has resided continuously within the United States 
for at least five years, and in the State or Territory 



POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 45 

where the court is held at least one year, and that 
during that time " he has behaved as a man of good 
moral character, attached to the principles of the 
Constitution of the United States, and well disposed 
to the good order and happiness of the same." 

TlTLKS OF NOBILITY. 

If the applicant bears any hereditary title or be- 
longs to any order of nobility, he must make an 
express renunciation of the same at the time of his 
application. 

SOLDIERS. 

Any alien twenty- one years old and upward, who 
has been honorably discharged from the armies of 
the United States, may become a citizen on his peti- 
tion, without any previous declaration of intention, 
provided he has resided in the United States at least 
one year previous to his application, and is of good 
moral character. 

MINORS. 

Any alien under the age of twenty-one, who has 
resided in the United States three years next pre- 
ceding his twenty-first birthday, and has continued to 
reside therein up to the time he makes application 
to be admitted a citizen, may, after he arrives at the 
age of twenty-one, and after he has resided five years 
within the United States, including the three years of 
his minority, be admitted a citizen; but he must 
make a declaration on oath and prove to the satisfac- 
tion of the court that for the two years next preced- 
ing it has been his bona fide intention to become a 
citizen. 

CHILDREN OF NATURALIZED CITIZENS. 

The children of persons w T ho have been duly nat- 
uralized, being under twenty-one at the time of the 
naturalization of their parents, shall, if dwelling in 
the United States, be considered as citizens, 

CITIZENS' CHILDREN BORN ABROAD. 

The children of persons who now are or have been 



46 POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 

citizens of the United States are considered as citizens, 
though they may be born out of the limits and juris- 
diction of the United States. 

CHINESE. 

The naturalization of Chinamen is prohibited by 
vSection 14, Chapter 126, Laws of 1882. 

PROTECTION OF NATURALIZED CITIZENS. 

Section 2000 of the Revised Statutes of the United 
States expressly declares that ' ' all naturalized citizens 
of the United States while in foreign countries are 
entitled to and shall receive from this Government 
the same protection of person and property which is 
accorded to native-born citizens." 

THE RIGHT OF SUFFRAGE. 
The right to vote is conferred by the State, natural- 
ization by the United States. In several States aliens 
who have declared their intentions enjoy the right 
to vote equally with naturalized or native-born citi- 
zens. But the Federal naturalization laws apply to 
the whole Union alike, and no alien may be natural- 
ized until after five years' residence, except an honor- 
ably discharged soldier or a person whose parents 
have been naturalized while he was under twenty-one 
years of age, as above recited. Even after five years' 
residence and due naturalization, he is not entitled to 
vote unless the laws of the State confer the privilege 
upon him. 

AUSTRALIAN BALLOT SYSTEM. 

The objects of the Australian Ballot System are to 
secure the -secrecy of the ballot and prevent the 
intimidation or corrupting of the voter. It was prac- 
tically introduced into the United States in 1888 by its 
adoption by law in the State of Massachusetts, and 
the City of Louisville, Ky. Since that year ballot 
reform laws based on the Australian system have been 
passed by the Legislatures of the following named 



POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 



47 



vStates and Territories : In 1889, Connecticut, Indiana, 
Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Rhode 
Island, Tennessee, and Wisconsin; 1890, Maryland, 
New Jersey, New York, Vermont, Washington^ 
Wyoming, and Oklahoma; 1891, Arkansas, California, 
Colorado, Delaware, Idaho, Illinois, Maine, Nebraska, 
Nevada, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Ohio, 
Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, West Virginia, 
and Arizona. 

POPULATION OF THE UNITED 
STATES— Census of 1890. 



Population. 

Alabama 1,513,017 

Alaska 30,329 

Arizona 59>§2o 

Arkansas 1,128,179 

California 1,208,130 

Colorado 412,198 

Connecticut 746,258 

Delaware 168,493 

District of Columbia . . . 230, 392 

Florida , . 391,422 

Georgia 1,837,353 

Idaho 84,385 

Illinois 3,826,351 

Indiana 2,192,404 

Iowa 1,911,896 

Kansas 1,427,096 

Kentucky 1,858,635 

Louisiana 1,118,587 

Maine 661,086 

Maryland 1,042,390 

Massachusetts 2,238,943 

Michigan 2,093,889 

Minnesota 1 ,301,826 

Mississippi 1,289,600 

Missouri 2, 679, 1 84 

Montana 132, 159 

Nebraska 1,058,910 



Capitals.. 
. . Montgomery 
...Sitka 

. . Phoenix 
...Little Rock 
. . .Sacramento 

. . Denver 
. . . Hartford 

. . Dover 

. . Washington 

. . Tallahassee 

. . Atlanta 

. . Boise City 

. . Springfield 

. . Indianapolis 

. . Des Moines 

. . Topeka 

. . Frankfort 

. . Baton Rouge 

. . x\ugusta 

. .Annapolis 

. . Boston 

. .Lansing 

..St. Paul 

. . Jackson 

. . Jefferson City 

. .Helena 

. . Lincoln 



48 



POLITICAL HAND BOOK. 



Population 

Nevada 45, 761 

New Hampshire 376,530 

New Jersey 1,444,933 

New Mexico 153,593 

New York 5,997,853 

North Carolina 1,617,947 

North Dakota 182,719 

Ohio 3,672,316 

Oklahoma 61,834 

Oregon 313,767 

Pennsylvania 5,258,014 

Rhode Island 345,506 

South Carolina 1,151,149 

South Dakota 328,808 

Tennessee 1,767,518 

Texas 2,235,523 

Utah 207,905 

Vermont 332,422 

Virginia 1,655,980 

Washington 349,39° 

West Virginia 762,794 

Wisconsin 1,686,880 

Wyoming 60,705 



Capitals. 

. . Carson City 
, . . Concord 
. . Trenton 
..Santa Fe 
. . Albany 
. . Raleigh 
. . Bismarck 
. . Columbus 
. . Guthrie 
. . Salem 
. . Harrisburg 
. . Newport & Provi- 
, . Columbia [dence 
. . Pierre 
. . Nashville 
. . Austin 
..Salt Lake City 
. . Montpelier 
. . Richmond 
. . Olympia 
. . Charleston 
. Madison 
. . Cheyenne 



*- 



Total ..62,652,579 

Indian Territory is not included in the above. 
Census statistics show that in 1890 the total Indian 
population of the United States, exclusive of Alaska, 
but including 32,567 taxed or taxable Indians counted 
in the general census, was 249,273. 



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